Water is the major source for drinking in both urban and rural parts of India. Clean water is absolutely essential for healthy living and is a precious gift of nature. Water is being polluted with increased population, agricultural needs and industrial purpose. The polluted water on drinking may cause serious effect in human beings, domestic animals and even in the case of aquatic organisms. The physicochemical parameters of water samples from Pathanamthitta district were assessed. Water samples were collected from rivers such as Pamba, Manimala, Achankovil, and Kallada. The surface water was analyzed for various physicochemical parameters like colour, odour, taste, turbidity, pH, temperature, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, sulphate, nitrate, sodium, potassium, iron, aluminium, conductance, total dissolved solid and chloride after following the methods of American Public Health Association 1995. The results were compared with Bureau of Indian Standard and World Health Organization. The total alkalinity of surface water samples of Achankovil and Manimala rivers flowing through Pathanamthitta district were above desirable limit and also the quality of the surface water should be continuously monitored and can be used for cooking and drinking only after proper treatment.