Schizophrenia is a prevalent complex condition marked by psychosis, cognitive impairment, and unpleasant symptoms, with an aetiology that includes interactions between genetic, mental and environmental risk factors. Recent findings from continuing research into the nature of these vulnerability elements have proved promising. The progress made in the understanding of environmental risk factors for mental disorders, genetic studies into mental illnesses, are to be discussed. The findings' limitations will be highlighted, as well as the implications of these developments for genetic counselling practise. Over the last half-century, the development of antipsychotic medications has had a significant impact on the treatment of schizophrenia. Many second-generation antipsychotics (atypical and dopamine partial agonist) are thought to have advantage over first-generation medications for treating schizophrenia.The Neurodevelopment Hypothesis, Dopamine Hypothesis, and Glutamate Hypothesis are three proposed biological theories for schizophrenia. It's critical to assist someone with schizophrenia symptoms in receiving treatment as soon as feasible. Here Antipsychotic medicines and psychosocial therapy are two types of treatments that can help with symptoms.Various drugs have been discussed in the review like Clozapine, Paliperidone, Asenapine, Lurasidone, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Ziprasidone, Risperdal.