ARCHIVES
VOL. 8, ISSUE 4 (2023)
Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors
Narender Boggula, Rama Rao Tadikonda, Sairam Pasam
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
including both traditional non-selective NSAIDs and the selective
cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, are widely used for their anti-inflammatory and
analgesic effects. NSAIDs are a necessary choice in pain management because of
the integrated role of the COX path way in the generation of inflammation and
in the biochemical recognition of pain. NSAIDs are the competitive inhibitors
of cyclooxygenase (COX), the enzyme which mediates the bioconversion of
arachidonic acid to inflammatory prostaglandins (PGs). Disruption in PGs
production affects the kidneys in several ways, including vasoconstriction that
may result in ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) in at-risk patients. They also
impair salt and water excretion, leading to oedema and hypertension. Other
complications include hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, nephrotic syndrome, acute
interstitial nephritis and chronic kidney disease progression. AKI from NSAIDs
is usually reversible with favourable prognosis after discontinuation of
NSAIDs. Avoidance of NSAIDs exposure is extremely important, especially among
high-risk patients. NSAIDs have been associated with hepatic side effects;
however, the frequency of these side effects is uncertain. Physicians and
hepatologists must be vigilant to the hepatotoxic potential of any NSAID, as
increased awareness, surveillance and reporting of these events will lead to a
better understanding of the risk factors and the pathophysiology of
NSAID-related hepatotoxicity. This review can be used for further research as
well as clinical purpose.
Pages:1-9
How to cite this article:
Narender Boggula, Rama Rao Tadikonda, Sairam Pasam "Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs". International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol 8, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 1-9
Download Author Certificate
Please enter the email address corresponding to this article submission to download your certificate.