The Prostate cancer is a prevalent malignancy affecting the male population globally. This disease starts in the prostate gland and usually progresses slowly, although it can also occasionally be aggressive and fatal. Multiple factors, including as genetic susceptibility, hormonal effects, and environmental circumstances, play a role in its etiology. Development of tumors as a result of abnormal cell proliferation within the prostate gland is a characteristic of prostate cancer. It can be pathologically benign or aggressive, and it presents as an adenocarcinoma. The prognosis varies greatly, from aggressive varieties that cause metastasis and mortality to indolent growth that has no effect on life expectancy. There are several different forms and categories of prostate cancer, such as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), locally progressed, metastatic, and localized prostate cancer. Each of them needs a different approach to treatment.

The accuracy of the traditional diagnostic techniques for prostate cancer, such as Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided biopsy, PSA testing, and a digital rectal examination (DRE), is limited. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has demonstrated encouraging outcomes in terms of identifying prostatic lesions. A variety of therapies are available for treating prostate cancer, including surgery (orchiectomy/castration), hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and more recent targeted therapies. The dosage types used to treat prostate cancer vary greatly and include IV infusions, implants, injections, and oral drugs. The strength of the dosage is adjusted based on the specific condition of each patient, varying from low maintenance dosages to greater concentrations for more aggressive diseases.