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VOL. 11, ISSUE 1 (2026)
Assessment of CYP3A enzyme modulation by ethanolic skin extract of Duttaphrynus Melanostictus: An In vitro study
Authors
Dr. Sangeethkumar Munigadapa
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) is a predominant
drug-metabolizing enzyme responsible for the biotransformation of a wide range
of xenobiotics and therapeutic agents. The present study aimed to evaluate the
inhibitory potential of Indian toad ethanolic skin extract (ETSE) on CYP3A4
activity using liver and intestinal microsomal systems. The incubation mixture
containing microsomal suspension, erythromycin as substrate, and phosphate
buffer was treated with varying concentrations of ETSE (5, 50, 300, and 2000
mg/mL). The reaction was initiated by NADPH and terminated using
trichloroacetic acid. Formaldehyde formation was quantified
spectrophotometrically at 412 nm using Nash reagent, and CYP3A4 activity was
calculated from a formaldehyde standard calibration curve. The results
demonstrated a concentration-dependent inhibition of CYP3A4 activity in both
hepatic and intestinal microsomes. The highest concentration of ETSE (2000
mg/mL) produced marked inhibition comparable to the standard inhibitor
ketoconazole. These findings indicate that Indian toad ethanolic skin extract
possesses significant CYP3A4 inhibitory activity and may influence drug
metabolism. Further studies are warranted to isolate active constituents and to
evaluate the clinical and pharmacokinetic implications of this interaction.
Pages:130-133
How to cite this article:
Dr. Sangeethkumar Munigadapa "Assessment of CYP3A enzyme modulation by ethanolic skin extract of Duttaphrynus Melanostictus: An <i>In vitro</i> study". International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol 11, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 130-133
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