Introduction: Antibiotics rank among the highest prescribed drugs in pediatric practice in the management and prevention of infectious diseases. The misuse of antibiotics has been shown to worsen antimicrobial resistance, severe drug side effects, and rising healthcare costs. It is imperative that the consumption of antibiotics is monitored to ensure rational use of antibiotics in pediatric healthcare.

Methodology: In a tertiary care hospital in Udaipur, Rajasthan, prospective observational research was conducted in the pediatric department and pediatric intensive care unit. The participants of this study were pediatric inpatients who had received at least one antibiotic and were under twelve years of age. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the data, which were gathered using a standardized data collection form. WHO prescription indicators and the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) system were used to measure drug usage.

Result: We examined 170 pediatric inpatient records in total. Many of the patients (44.11%) were between the ages of one month and five years, with men making up the majority (56.5%). At 11.20%, pneumonia was the most frequent diagnosis. Ceftriaxone was the most given antibiotic among cephalosporins (28.40%). The parenteral method was used to provide many of the antibiotics (88.88%). There were 1.55 antibiotics on average per prescription. Drug use study indicates that the ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and meropenem had higher DDD values. 87.13% of prescriptions were generic, representing strong adherence to sensible prescribing guidelines.