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VOL. 11, ISSUE 3 (2026)
A comprehensive review on the pharmacological activities of pyrazoline derivatives
Authors
Vinutha S, Rashmi T, Swaroopa H M, Kusuma R, Harshitha J C, Mohammad Alkaf, Victor Mathew and B L Siddharth Gowda
Abstract
Pyrazoline derivatives represent an important class of five-membered
nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds that have attracted considerable
attention in medicinal chemistry because of their broad spectrum of
pharmacological activities and favorable structural versatility. The pyrazoline
scaffold serves as a valuable pharmacophore for the development of novel
therapeutic agents through structural modifications that enhance biological
activity, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties. This review provides a
comprehensive overview of the pharmacological potential of pyrazoline
derivatives, highlighting recent advances in their medicinal applications and
structure-activity relationships. The reported literature demonstrates that
pyrazoline-based compounds exhibit diverse biological activities, including
anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitubercular,
antiviral, antidiabetic, anticonvulsant, analgesic, antidepressant and
antiparasitic effects. The review also discusses the influence of different
substitution patterns on the pyrazoline nucleus in determining pharmacological
efficacy and target specificity. Furthermore, recent developments in
computational approaches, including molecular docking, molecular dynamics
simulations, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies, and in-silico
pharmacokinetic and toxicity predictions, are summarized to illustrate their
role in the rational design and optimization of pyrazoline-based drug
candidates. The integration of synthetic chemistry with biological evaluation
and computational techniques has significantly accelerated the identification
of promising lead molecules with improved therapeutic profiles. Despite the
considerable progress achieved, challenges related to bioavailability,
selectivity, toxicity and clinical translation remain to be addressed. Overall,
pyrazoline derivatives continue to emerge as versatile and promising scaffolds
for modern drug discovery, offering substantial opportunities for the
development of safer and more effective therapeutic agents. This review aims to
provide researchers with a comprehensive understanding of the pharmacological
significance of pyrazoline derivatives and to highlight future research
directions for their successful advancement into clinical applications.
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Pages:86-94
How to cite this article:
Vinutha S, Rashmi T, Swaroopa H M, Kusuma R, Harshitha J C, Mohammad Alkaf, Victor Mathew and B L Siddharth Gowda "A comprehensive review on the pharmacological activities of pyrazoline derivatives". International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol 11, Issue 3, 2026, Pages 86-94
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